Media & Communication (Medical Virology)

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    Tracing the origin of Brazilian HTLV-1 as determined by analysis of host and viral genes
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006-03) Alcantara, Luiz Carlos Junior; De Oliveira, Tulio; Gordon, Michelle; Pybus, Oliver G.; Mascarenhas, Rita E.; Seixas, Magda O.; Gonçalves, Marilda; Hlela, Carol; Galvao-Castro, Bernardo; Cassol, Sharon
    We compared the genetic diversity of the Brazilian human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 isolates with those found in KwaZulu–Natal (KZN), South Africa, and with the genetic background of the hosts. The seroprevalence rate in KZN was 1.7%. All sequences belonged to the A subgroup. The presence of South African sequences in two different clusters from Brazil, and the finding of the bA-globin haplotype in infected hosts are consistent with the transmission of this virus from Southern Africa to Brazil.
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    Viral diseases in family practice
    (Medpharm Publications, 2006-09) Janse van Rensburg, Estrelita
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    HIV Type 1 V3 domain serotyping and genotyping in Gauteng, Mpumalanga, KwaZulu-Natal and Western Cape provinces of South Africa
    (Mary Ann Liebert, 1999) Engelbrecht, Susan; Smith, Tracey-Lee; Kasper, P.; Faatz, E.; Zeier, Michelle D.; Moodley, D.; Janse van Rensburg, Estrelita; Clay, Cornelius G.
    More than 20.8 million people are living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa, with southern Africa the worst affected area and accounting for one of the fastest growing AIDS epidemics worldwide. Samples from 81 patients, including 25 from KwaZulu-Natal, 26 from Gauteng, 5 from Mpumalanga, and 25 from Western Cape Province, were serotyped using a competitive V3 peptide enzyme immunoassay (cPEIA). Viral RNA was also isolated from serum and the V3 region amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) to obtain a 240-bp product for direct sequencing of 29 samples. CLUSTAL W was used to make multiple sequence alignments. Distance calculation, tree construction methods, and bootstrap analysis were done using TREECON. Subtype C-like V3 loop sequences predominate in all provinces tested in South Africa. Discordant sero- and genotype results were observed in one patient only. The correlation between sero- and genotyping was 96% (24 of 25) in KwaZulu-Natal and 100% in Gauteng and Mpumalanga. In Western Cape Province 18% of patients were identified as sero/genotype B and 82% as sero/genotype C. Our data show that results of the second-generation V3 cPEIA correlated well with V3 sequencing and would be a rapid and affordable screening test to monitor the explosive southern African HIV-1 epidemic.